Mitochondria—A Nexus for Aging, Calorie Restriction, and Sirtuins?
نویسنده
چکیده
Recent studies of calorie restriction in several organisms demonstrate an increase in mitochondrial activity that is associated with the salutary effects of this dietary restriction regimen. In this Essay, I speculate on how an increase in mitochondrial activity might provide benefit and discuss how diet, mitochondria, and sirtuins might interact in a pathway to slow aging and associated diseases.
منابع مشابه
Sirtuins, aging and diseases
SIR2 and related genes (sirtuins) are NAD-dependent deacetylases that link metabolism, protein acetylation and aging in a variety of species. Sirtuins are also involved in the longevity conferred by dietary or calorie restriction (CR). The mammalian sirtuins SIRT1-7 are involved in changes in stress resistance and metabolism that are triggered by CR, which not only extends life span, but also p...
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Mammalian sirtuins have diverse roles in aging, metabolism and disease. Recently we reported a new function for SIRT5 in urea cycle regulation. Our study uncovered that SIRT5 localized to mitochondria matrix and deacetylates carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), an enzyme which is the first and rate-limiting step of urea cycle. Deacetylation of CPS1 by SIRT5 resulted in activation of CPS1 en...
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a family of compounds that can oxidatively damage cellular macromolecules and may influence lifespan. Sirtuins are a conserved family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylases that regulate lifespan in many model organisms including yeast and mice. Recent work suggests that sirtuins can modulate ROS levels notably during a dieta...
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de Cavanagh EM, Inserra F, Ferder L. Angiotensin II blockade: how its molecular targets may signal to mitochondria and slow aging. Coincidences with calorie restriction and mTOR inhibition. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 309: H15–H44, 2015. First published May 1, 2015; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00459.2014.—Caloric restriction (CR), renin angiotensin system blockade (RAS-bl), and rapamycin-mediated ...
متن کاملMammalian sirtuins--emerging roles in physiology, aging, and calorie restriction.
Sir2 is an NAD-dependent deacetylase that connects metabolism with longevity in yeast, worms and flies. Mammals contain seven homologs of yeast Sir2, SIRT1-7. Here, we review recent findings demonstrating the role of these mammalian sirtuins as regulators of physiology, calorie restriction, and aging. The current findings sharpen our understanding of sirtuins as potential pharmacological target...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Cell
دوره 132 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2008